Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing Comparison

Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing Comparison Jignesh C Doshi Bhushan Trivedi ABSTRACT Business using internet has grown drastically in past decade. Attacks on web application have increased. Web application security is a big challenge for any organizations as result of increasing attacks. There exists different approaches to mitigate various security risks are defensive coding, hardening (Firewall), Monitoring and auditing. This solutions found more towards prevention of attacks or of monitoring types of. Vulnerability assessment and Penetration testing are two approaches widely used by organizations to assess web application security. Both solutions are different and complimentary to each other. In this paper comparison of these two approaches are provided. Authors found that penetration testing is better compare to vulnerability assessment as it exploits vulnerability, while vulnerability assessment is superior in terms of coverage over penetration testing. General Terms Vulnerability Measurement, Penetration Testing Keywords Attack, Vulnerability, Security Risk, VAPT, 1. INTRODUCTION Web application usage has increased as more and more services are available on web. Business using Web applications is also increasing day by day. On other side, web application based attacks have increased. Web application have become main target of attackers. Major impact of attacks is data loss or financial loss or reputation loss. Various types of countermeasures exists to protect system against attacks like defensive coding, firewall, Intrusion detection system etc. [15]. The solution exists in two categories: proactive and reactive. To secure web applications, thorough study of vulnerabilities is required. Study will help in taking effective actions. Vulnerability measurement and Penetration testing are widely used approaches by organizations for web application security assessment. In this paper, authors have compared vulnerability assessment and penetration testing. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Vulnerability assessment is discussed in section 2, Penetration testing is discussed in Section 3. Section 4 describes comparison between vulnerability assessment and penetration testing. Conclusion is described in section 5. 2. Current Web Application Security Trends The number of internet users and websites are increasing rapidly in recent years [9]. Approximately 66% of web applications have problem as per Gartner. According to sophisticated vulnerability assessment tools 60% vulnerabilities can be found in most of web applications [12]. Security measures most commonly applied for web application security are firewalls, Intrusion Detection System (IDS), Anti-virus System and defensive coding [14][15]. This solution either requires developer skills or efforts in common [15]. These solutions provide a way to assess system, while organizations need a way to assess security countermeasure assessment. It is also necessary to assess web application periodically against security risks in order to take effective actions. 3. Vulnerability Assessment Vulnerability is a weakness or flaw in a system. Reasons for vulnerability existence are weak password, coding, input validation, misconfiguration etc. Attacker tries to discover vulnerability and then exploit it. Vulnerability assessment is a proactive and systematic strategy to discover vulnerability. It is used to discover unknown problems in the system. It is also required by industry standard like DSS PCI from compliance point of view. Vulnerability assessment is achieved using scanners. It is a hybrid solution, which combines automated testing with expert analysis. Figure 1: Vulnerability Assessment Process Vulnerability assessment is a one step process ( Refer to figure 1). We will learn more details about vulnerability assessment in section 5. 4. Penetration Testing A penetration testing evaluates the security of a computer system or network by simulating an attack. It is a proactive and systematic approach for security assessment. Figure 1: Penetration Testing Process Penetration testing is a two steps process (refer to figure 2). We will learn more details about penetration in next section. 5. Comparison 5.1 Generic 5.2 Resource Requirements 5.3 Testing 5.4 Results 5.5 Limitations Major limitations of Vulnerability Assessments are: à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Cannot identify potential access path à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Provides false positive à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Requires high technical skills for tester à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Hybrid solution à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Cannot exploit flaws Major limitations of Penetration testing are: à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Identifies potential access paths à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Identifies only those which poses threats à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · May not identify obvious vulnerability à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Cannot provide information about new vulnerabilities à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Cannot identify server side vulnerabilities 6. Conclusion With the exception of coverage, penetration testing is superior to vulnerability management. Key benefits of penetration testing over vulnerability assessment are: Technical capability required in penetration testing is low compare to vulnerability assessment Can be used runtime With penetration testing we can detect, confirm and exploit vulnerability. With penetration testing can determine the resulting impact on the organisation. For effective security, it is important to understand vulnerability in details. Both are complimentary strategies to each other and proactive. We suggest to use both together. 7. REFERENCES Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing: http://www.veracode.com/ security/vulnerability-assessment-and-penetration-testing John Barchie, Triware Net world Systems, Penetration Testing vs. Vulnerability Scanning: http://www.tns.com/PenTestvsVScan.asp Penetration Testing Limits http:// www.praetorian.com/blog/penetration-testing-limits Vulnerability Analysis, http://www.pentest-standard.org/index.php/ Vulnerability Analysis Open Web Application Security Project, https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category: Vulnerability Penetration Testing: http://searchsoftwarequality .techtarget.com/definition/penetration-testing Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing: http://www.aretecon.com/aretesoftwares Ankita Gupta, Kavita, Kirandeep Kaur: Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology- Volume4 Issue3- 2013, ISSN: 2231-5381 Page 328-330 Konstantinos Xynos, Iain Sutherland, Huw Read, Emlyn Everitt and Andrew J.C. Blyth: PENETRATION TESTING AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS: A PROFESSIONAL APPROACH, Originally published in the Proceedings of the 1st International Cyber Resilience Conference, Edith Cowan University, Perth Western Australia, 23rd August 2010 available at : http://ro.ecu.edu.au/icr/16 You Yu, Yuanyuan Yang, Jian Gu, and Liang Shen, Analysis and Suggestions for the Security of Web Applications,, International Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology, 2011, 978-1-4577-1587-7/111, IEEE Andrey Petukhov, Dmitry Kozlov, Detecting Security Vulnerabilities in Web Applications Using Dynamic Analysis with Penetration Testing, https://www.owasp.org/images/3/3e/OWASP-AppSecEU08-Petukhov.pdf accessed on 31st January 2015 Parvin Ami, Ashikali Hasan: Seven Phrase Penetration Testing Model,International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887),Volume 59– No.5, December 2012 Aileen G. Bacudio, Xiaohong Yuan, Bei-Tseng Bill Chu, Monique Jones,an overview of penetration testing, International Journal of Network Security Its Applications (IJNSA), Vol.3, No.6, November 2011 DOI :10.5121/ijnsa.2011.3602 Jignesh Doshi, Bhushan Trivedi, Assessment of SQL Injection Solution Approaches, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, Volume 4, Issue 10, October 2014 ISSN: 2277 128X 1

The Strongest Man Upon the Earth Is He Who Stands Most Alone Critical Lens Essay

According to Henrik Ibsen, â€Å"The strongest man upon the earth is he who stands most alone. † In other words, what this quote means is that the strongest man is the most independent; individuals who do not need to rely on others to survive. Individuals who stand alone are the ones who realize the strength within themselves and become powerful characters. This quote is valid because individuals who like to take actions on their own and at their own pace become the most successful.Two works of literature that support the validity of this statement are The Catcher in the Rye, by J. D. Salinger and The Color of Water, by James McBride. The Color of Water, is a memoir, set in a variety of settings; from Suffolk, Virginia, to Wilmington, Delaware. It recounts the past lives of protagonists James and Ruth, and recalls the 1920s all throughout the 1990s. One of the protagonists, Ruth McBride, is characterized as an admirable and extraordinary woman and shows signs of independence t hroughout her lifetime.She managed to overcome the painful memories of her adolescent years; ranging from her father’s indecent behavior and mistreatment, to having an abortion at such a young age. She followed her heart and left behind her family and friends in search of a new life; away from the life that was so cruel to her. She showed signs of independence even â€Å"when the going got tough. † For example, after her first husband had passed away, she did not crumble under the pressure that she was facing.Instead, she married again and raised her children to be successful and educated, even during such harsh conditions. Also, Ruth was not afraid of public opinion when she had married an African- American man. This marriage caused her family to condemn her and shows that those who do not rely on others become stronger and more powerful individuals. The Catcher in the Rye, is set in New York City during the 1940s. The protagonist, Holden Caulfield, is characterized a s an individual who has been independent for a great part of his life.From an early age, his parents have been too â€Å"occupied† to spend time with Holden and they did not show much interest in their children. For example, he was shipped to school and when he would get expelled; his parents paid no mind and sent him to another school. He lived away from his family for a great part of his life and because of being independent at such an early age; he later on endeared a mental breakdown and ended up in an asylum.However, being independent made Holden realize that he has a problem and that if he would not have gone to the asylum and seeked help from professions, then he would not have been able to become a stronger and more successful individual. Ultimately, The Catcher in the Rye, by J. D. Salinger, and The Color of Water, by James McBride, both support the validity of the quote, â€Å"The strongest man upon the earth is he who stands most alone, said by author Henrik Ibsen . As life goes on, individuals will learn and realize that isolating yourself will not get you anywhere in life; it will only hurt you.You can be in control of your own destiny and you will gain perspective on your life. Both protagonists, Holden Caulfield and Ruth McBride, teach us that to ensure a prominent future, you need to overcome obstacles in all situations. This will better you as a person and will offer you a sense of what happens in the real world. Being independent allows you to see the world from a different perspective and no matter what life throws at you; you can get up from the ground, start again, and begin leading your life to a successful future.

Essay about The Modern Presidencyan Evolution - 3137 Words

The Modern Presidency: An Evolution The presidency of the United Sates of America has been an evolving office since the term of our first president, George Washington. This evolution has occurred because of the changing times and the evolution of society itself, but also because of the actions of the men who have become president. Starting in the 20th century, most have referred to the presidency as the modern presidency due to changes in both a presidents power and the way that the office itself is viewed. As the office of the president has evolved so has who can become president evolved. Yet, even today there are certain individuals who because of their gender or race have yet to hold the office of the presidency. The men that†¦show more content†¦These growths that helped make Franklin Roosevelt our first modern president were further solidified by Harry Truman and have been carried out by all presidents sense, sometimes with great effectiveness and at other times with little effectiveness. The modern presidency has in a sense become a double-edged sword in that presidents have become beneficiaries of anything positive that can be attributed to government, but also can be blamed for anything bad occurring in society. Quite simply, the modern president has become the center of our political system (The Modern Presidency, 2004). The men who have dealt with this double-edged sword known as the modern presidency have often walked a very fine line between effectiveness and ineffectiveness, but all have attempted to use their power in one way or another. All presidents have fit into what is known as the six models of the presidency. 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Archetypes In Sir Gawain And The Green Knight - 1100 Words

In almost any story, whether novel or poem, lies a hero. Depending on the path, a variety of archetypes usually accompany the hero. The Merriam Webster dictionary defines â€Å"archetype† as â€Å"the original pattern or model of which all things of the same type are representations or copies.† Joseph Campbell’s A Hero With A Thousand Faces introduces the common archetypes often found in various pieces of literature, explaining â€Å"The parallels will be immediately apparent; and these will develop a vast and amazingly constant statement of the basic truths by which man has lived throughout the millenniums of his residence on the planet,† in his preface to the 1949 edition. To summarize, after learning of the different archetypes found in a story, one†¦show more content†¦Examples such as the Green Knight, a product of Morgan le Faye and Morgan’s castle and everything that lies within it support this idea. 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